A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specialises in caring for the skin, hair, and nails. They are trained to diagnose and treat a wide range of medical and cosmetic concerns, from acne to skin cancer and even hair loss or nail infections. Let’s explore what dermatologists do, the conditions they treat, and why visiting one can be essential for your overall health.
Who is a Dermatologist?
As mentioned above, dermatologists are experts in both the medicine and surgery of the skin. After years of education—including medical school, internships, and residency programmes—they gain the knowledge and hands-on skills required to manage skin, hair, and nail conditions.
What Do Dermatologists Do?
Whether it’s a skin specialist in Pune or any other city, a dermatologist’s role goes beyond just prescribing cream and ointments. They:
- Diagnose and treat skin diseases from common rashes to rare disorders.
- Detect underlying health problems that may show up on the skin, such as autoimmune diseases, liver issues, or infections.
- Perform medical and surgical procedures such as biopsies, mole removal, or laser treatments.
- Offer cosmetic treatments for issues like scars, wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, or vein problems.
Some of the tools and treatments dermatologists use include:
- Topical and injected medications.
- Ultraviolet (UV) light therapy for conditions like psoriasis.
- Surgical procedures such as cryotherapy (freezing), electrosurgery (using electric current), and laser treatments.
Common Conditions Dermatologists Treat
Dermatologists manage a broad range of skin, hair, and nail concerns. Here are some of the most common ones:
- Acne
Acne is one of the most frequent reasons people visit a dermatologist. It happens when pores become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to blackheads, whiteheads, or pimples. While often associated with teenagers, acne can affect adults too. Dermatologists offer customised treatment options such as prescription creams, oral medications, or advanced therapies.
- Eczema
Eczema causes itchy, dry, and inflamed patches of skin. Flare-ups can be triggered by allergens, irritants, or stress. Though it isn’t contagious, it can significantly affect quality of life. Dermatologists help identify triggers and recommend treatments, from medicated creams to lifestyle changes.
- Hair Loss
Hair loss can be temporary or permanent and may stem from genetics, hormonal changes, ageing, or medical conditions. Dermatologists can determine the cause and suggest treatments, including medications, injections, or laser therapy.
- Nail Fungus
This common infection causes nails to thicken, discolour, and sometimes crumble. Because it tends to worsen over time, dermatologists often recommend antifungal medications or procedures to restore healthy nails.
- Psoriasis
Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition that leads to scaly, thickened patches of skin. It can appear on the scalp, elbows, knees, and other areas. Dermatologists use creams, light therapy, or newer biologic medications to help manage symptoms.
- Skin Cancer
One of the most serious conditions dermatologists treat is skin cancer. By examining moles or unusual spots, dermatologists can detect cancer in its early stages. Techniques like Mohs surgery allow for precise removal of cancerous cells while preserving as much healthy skin as possible.
When Should You See a Dermatologist?
It’s a good idea to make an appointment if you notice:
- A mole or patch of skin changing in size, shape, or colour.
- Severe or persistent acne that doesn’t improve with over-the-counter treatments.
- Long-lasting rashes, hives, or irritation.
- Hair loss or nail problems that worsen over time.
- Signs of ageing, scarring, or hyperpigmentation that affect your confidence.
Even if you don’t have a specific concern, regular skin checks can help detect skin cancer and other issues early.
Final Thoughts
Dermatologists are not just “skin doctors.” They are highly trained specialists who treat medical conditions, perform surgeries, and help people feel confident in their skin. From managing common issues like acne and eczema to tackling serious diseases such as skin cancer, dermatologists play a vital role in overall health and well-being.
If you’ve been putting off that skin check or struggling with a skin, hair, or nail issue, consider scheduling a visit to a dermatologist or the best Dermatology hospital in Pune or the city you reside in. Taking care of your skin is not just about appearance—it’s about protecting your health.